{"id":24718,"date":"2026-08-19T11:00:09","date_gmt":"2026-08-19T09:00:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/?p=24718"},"modified":"2026-08-18T11:47:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T09:47:17","slug":"it-zeitreise-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/en\/2026\/08\/19\/it-zeitreise-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"A Journey Through IT History II \u2013 From Floppy Disks to Cloud Storage"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"twoclick_social_bookmarks_post_24718 social_share_privacy clearfix 1.6.4 locale-en_US sprite-en_US\"><\/div><div class=\"twoclick-js\"><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\njQuery(document).ready(function($){if($('.twoclick_social_bookmarks_post_24718')){$('.twoclick_social_bookmarks_post_24718').socialSharePrivacy({\"txt_help\":\"Wenn Sie diese Felder durch einen Klick aktivieren, werden Informationen an Facebook, Twitter, Flattr, Xing, t3n, LinkedIn, Pinterest oder Google eventuell ins Ausland \\u00fcbertragen und unter Umst\\u00e4nden auch dort gespeichert. N\\u00e4heres erfahren Sie durch einen Klick auf das <em>i<\\\/em>.\",\"settings_perma\":\"Dauerhaft aktivieren und Daten\\u00fcber-tragung zustimmen:\",\"info_link\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.heise.de\\\/ct\\\/artikel\\\/2-Klicks-fuer-mehr-Datenschutz-1333879.html\",\"uri\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\\\/itc\\\/en\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/19\\\/it-zeitreise-ii\\\/\",\"post_id\":24718,\"post_title_referrer_track\":\"A+Journey+Through+IT+History+II+%E2%80%93+From+Floppy+Disks+to+Cloud+Storage\",\"display_infobox\":\"on\"});}});\n\/* ]]> *\/<\/script><\/div><p><div id=\"attachment_24728\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24728\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-24728\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/files\/2026\/08\/IT-Zeitreise_20260814_OM_Blog-1-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Picotograms of a floppy disk, CD, USB flash drive, and a cloud against an orange background\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/files\/2026\/08\/IT-Zeitreise_20260814_OM_Blog-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/files\/2026\/08\/IT-Zeitreise_20260814_OM_Blog-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/files\/2026\/08\/IT-Zeitreise_20260814_OM_Blog-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/files\/2026\/08\/IT-Zeitreise_20260814_OM_Blog-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blog.rwth-aachen.de\/itc\/files\/2026\/08\/IT-Zeitreise_20260814_OM_Blog-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-24728\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Own Illustration<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Welcome to the second part of our journey through IT history! This time, we\u2019ll delve into the world of storage media and trace their evolution from 1.44 megabytes (MB) in a rectangular plastic case to the seemingly unlimited capacities of the cloud.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #00549f;\">The Floppy Disk: 1.44 MB to Go<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A floppy disk rarely came alone. As a gregarious creature that blended in easily, it was usually kept in larger groups due to its limited storage capacity. Individual disks, however, were happy to leave their enclosure on the desk and disappear among file folders and sticky notes.<\/p>\n<p>Inside was a flexible, magnetically coated plastic disk. During reading and writing, it spun inside the drive while a read\/write head read or wrote the data organized into tracks and sectors. A slide switch on the casing served as a write-protect mechanism.<\/p>\n<p>IBM developed the first 8-inch floppy disk in the late 1960s and initially launched it in 1971 as a read-only medium for software updates. Its 80 kibibytes (KiB) were equivalent to about 1,000 punch cards. With the rise of microcomputers, the format shrank: the 5.25-inch floppy disk was followed in 1981 by the more durable 3.5-inch floppy disk. With a capacity of 1.44 MB, it became the standard in the PC world, but soon could no longer keep pace with growing data volumes. Microsoft Office Professional 4.3, released in 1994, required 32 floppy disks for the German-language edition alone. Starting in the late 1990s, CDs and later USB flash drives took over their roles \u2013 and the little disk disappeared from drives and desk drawers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #00549f;\">CD-ROM, CD-R, and CD-RW: Hundreds of Floppy Disks on a Single Disc<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A CD was more delicate than a raw egg. Even a single scratch could cause the drive to whir helplessly. Then came the familiar rescue rituals: holding it up to the light, breathing on it, polishing it with a sleeve \u2013 usually with limited success.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike a floppy disk, a CD stores data optically. The data is stored on a spiral-shaped track that a laser scans. The drive reconstructs the information based on differences in light reflection. With a capacity of about 650 MB, a CD could hold the equivalent of roughly 450 floppy disks.<\/p>\n<p>However, not all CDs were created equal. The industrially manufactured CD-ROM was primarily used for distributing software, games, and encyclopedias. \u201cROM\u201d stands for \u201cRead-Only Memory\u201d: The data could be read but not modified. To create your own files, you needed a CD-R and a burner. The laser permanently wrote the data into a dye layer; the disc could be written to once and then read as often as desired \u2013 provided the burning process didn\u2019t fail just before completion. The CD-RW, introduced in 1996, could be erased and rewritten, but wasn\u2019t compatible with every older drive. Thus, CD-Rs and CD-RWs offered significantly more storage space than floppy disks, until the USB flash drive made data transfer easier.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #00549f;\">The USB Flash Drive: Gigabytes on Your Keychain<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The USB flash drive was a major step forward: smaller than a CD, more durable, and rewritable without a burning process. It fit on a keychain, in a pants pocket \u2013 and just as easily in a drawer, in the freezer compartment among groceries, or in the washing machine as part of work clothes.<\/p>\n<p>Inside the USB flash drive is flash memory that retains data even without power. A controller manages the memory cells and acts as an interface to the computer. The USB interface then handles data transfer and power supply. Without a spinning disk, read\/write head, or laser, files are stored, deleted, and rewritten electronically.<\/p>\n<p>Around the year 2000, the first commercial models, such as \u201cThumbDrive\u201d and \u201cDiskOnKey,\u201d with capacities of 8, 16, or 32 MB, hit the market. What was crucial was not just the capacity, but the ease of use: plug it in, open it, copy files, and take it with you. With faster USB standards, megabytes soon became gigabytes (GB) and later terabytes (TB).<\/p>\n<p>However, this little companion wasn\u2019t indestructible. Removing it too soon, damaged file systems, worn-out memory cells, or a bent connector could put data at risk. Nevertheless, the USB flash drive has held its ground as a medium for installation, recovery, and data transfer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #00549f;\">Cloud Storage: Data Everywhere \u2013 Without Any Storage Media<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The cloud? It\u2019s not always accessible \u2013 but at least you can\u2019t scratch it or accidentally wash it away. All it takes is a weak Wi-Fi connection for an urgently needed file to seem to float out of reach among the digital clouds.<\/p>\n<p>In reality, cloud data is stored on physical hard drives and flash memory in data centers. The provider operates the infrastructure and offers storage space as a service. Files are uploaded via the Internet and can be accessed, shared, or edited collaboratively on various devices. Changes are often synchronized automatically.<\/p>\n<p>There were already precursors in the 1980s and 1990s. Cloud storage evolved into the modern, flexibly scalable service primarily starting in the 2000s. A milestone was Amazon S3 in 2006. Today, the principle is used by private individuals as well as in businesses, research, and government.<\/p>\n<p>This convenience raises new questions: Access is limited without an internet connection, and issues such as access rights, encryption, data protection, and vendor lock-in must be taken into account. Furthermore, synchronization is no substitute for a backup, since accidentally deleted files can now disappear from all devices.<\/p>\n<p>The cloud hasn\u2019t eliminated physical storage media; it has simply moved them out of our sight. Instead of carrying around stacks of floppy disks, CD cases, or USB drives, we trust that our data is waiting for us in the data center. And if access takes a little longer, there\u2019s at least one consolation: the file isn\u2019t stuck on a USB drive in the washing machine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Responsible for the content of this article is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itc.rwth-aachen.de\/cms\/it-center\/it-center\/profil\/team\/~epvp\/mitarbeiter-pvz-\/?gguid=PER-GTEKG7U&amp;allou=1&amp;lidx=1\">Maike Lennartz<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Deutsch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6019,"featured_media":24725,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"c2c_always_allow_admin_comments":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[311,314],"tags":[1617,92,1616,1620,45,1619,1618],"class_list":["post-24718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fun-facts","category-it-sicherheit","tag-cd","tag-cloud","tag-diskette","tag-it-zeitreise","tag-speicher","tag-speichermedien","tag-usb"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In diesem Beitrag verfolgen wir die Entwicklung der Speichermedien \u2013 von der 1,44-MB-Diskette bis zu den scheinbar unbegrenzten Kapazit\u00e4ten der Cloud.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hania Eid\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"keywords\" 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